Traditional ethical teaching suggests that a physician's assessment of a patient's best interest should guide the decision of whether to administer emergency life-sustaining therapy, absent guidance by the patient or family members. In pediatric medicine, physicians may insist on life-saving therapy if they believe it is in a child's best interest to receive it, even if the parents seek to refuse it. It is unclear exactly how physicians make such assessments, however, and whether/how these assessments influence decision-making in critical situations. Consider the following scenario:
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